Answer first
Core rule
A bond claim begins with the exact breached condition, not with a generic penalty label. Under the basic importation and entry bond, different failures—payment, document production, redelivery, agreement to redeliver, and others—have different consequences; a principal or surety may seek relief under the applicable Part 172 procedure, but mitigation is not automatic.
Authority and lookup route
Locate the rule before returning to the facts. Links point to government or official publications.
Reference lookup task
In § 113.62, compare the payment, document-production, and redelivery conditions. For each, record the triggering failure, the stated damages measure, any timing language, and the Part 172 path for requesting relief.
Route: Bond activity → exact § 113.62 condition → demand and damages measure → Part 172 petition route
Worked example
Merchandise with a $30,000 value was released conditionally under a basic importation bond. CBP issues a valid demand for redelivery within the applicable period, but the principal does not redeliver. Assume no special three-times-value provision applies. What is the first damages rule to research?
- 1Confirm that the bond is the § 113.62 basic importation and entry bond and that the redelivery demand was valid and timely.
- 2Locate § 113.62(d) and distinguish ordinary redelivery damages from special restricted-merchandise or other stated formulas.
- 3Use the $30,000 value as the ordinary worked-example measure under the stated assumption, then verify the bond limit and any applicable special rule before finalizing a claim.
Conclusion: Begin with § 113.62(d)'s redelivery condition. Under the stated ordinary-case assumption, $30,000 is the worked-example damages measure, but the precise merchandise category, demand validity, bond limit, and any special formula control the real result.
Common traps
- Calling every bond breach an unpaid-duty claim without identifying the exact condition.
- Ignoring whether a redelivery demand was issued within the applicable regulatory period.
- Applying an ordinary value measure where § 113.62 states a special or multiple-value formula.
- Assuming a Part 172 petition automatically suspends, cancels, or mitigates the claim.