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Entry Lifecycle & Right to Make Entry

Who may act as importer of record, what evidence is required, and how entry, release, summary, and deadline clocks differ.

19 U.S.C. 148419 CFR 141.11-141.1819 CFR 142.2, 142.12-142.15CBP Directive 3530-002A

Structured from CBP-designated exam references; confirm the editions approved for your exam sitting.

The textbook layer behind Study Map

From learning route to full explanation

Entry is a sequence of legal events, not one filing. These chapters separate importer-of-record status from evidence, cargo release from entry summary, and the fifteen-calendar-day clock from the ten-working-day clock using the examination-designated directive and CFR.

Study Map tells you what to learn and in what order; this page explains the rules, decision method, and boundaries. Reading completion is not proof of mastery.

Textbook chapter 1

Identify who has the right to make entry

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Answer first

Separate substantive importer-of-record status from documentary evidence. An owner or purchaser needs a qualifying financial interest; a nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but does not gain an independent right merely from a shipping document. The importer of record with the right to make entry is the owner or purchaser, or a licensed customs broker designated by the owner, purchaser, or consignee. A nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but generally may not make entry on its own behalf; the evidence rules in Part 141 and the Right to Make Entry Directive control the analysis.

Rule breakdown

The importer of record with the right to make entry is the owner or purchaser, or a licensed customs broker designated by the owner, purchaser, or consignee. A nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but generally may not make entry on its own behalf; the evidence rules in Part 141 and the Right to Make Entry Directive control the analysis. The learning objective is to determine whether the owner, purchaser, consignee, or broker can act as importer of record for the stated facts.; exceptions and triggering facts must be identified before calculation or conclusion.

Separate substantive importer-of-record status from documentary evidence. An owner or purchaser needs a qualifying financial interest; a nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but does not gain an independent right merely from a shipping document. Navigate the controlling material through 19 CFR → Part 141 → Subpart B → evidence of right to make entry; Directive → section 5.1 → importer of record and nominal consignee rules. Record the decisive text and fact rather than relying on memory or a search snippet.

Decision path

  1. 1

    Set the legal gate for Identify who has the right to make entry

    Determine whether the owner, purchaser, consignee, or broker can act as importer of record for the stated facts. Separate the controlling trigger from descriptive labels, then list the facts that could activate an exception or a different legal path.

  2. 2

    Prove the rule in 19 CFR 141.11–141.16

    Find the Directive's definition of importer of record and the restriction placed on a nominal consignee. Use this route: Open Directive 3530-002A and scan section 5.1 before checking the evidence provisions in Part 141.. Preserve the exact subsection, field instruction, note, or rate line that supports the answer.

  3. 3

    Test the boundary of Identify who has the right to make entry

    Separate substantive importer-of-record status from documentary evidence. An owner or purchaser needs a qualifying financial interest; a nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but does not gain an independent right merely from a shipping document. Apply that boundary to the stated facts, identify the fact that would reverse the result, and only then adopt the worked-example conclusion: No. The nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but may not make entry on its own behalf under the stated rule.

Worked example

Scenario: A nominal consignee wants to file the entry itself without using a licensed customs broker. Is that permitted under the Directive?

  1. 1.Identify the party as a nominal rather than an actual consignee, owner, or purchaser.
  2. 2.Locate the nominal-consignee rule in Directive 3530-002A section 5.1.
  3. 3.Distinguish the power to designate a broker from the right to file independently.
  4. 4.Conclude that the nominal consignee must use the permitted broker route described by the Directive.
  5. 5.Boundary check: change one decisive fact identified by this research task—Find the Directive's definition of importer of record and the restriction placed on a nominal consignee.—and explain whether the conclusion would change under 19 CFR 141.11–141.16; CBP Directive 3530-002A, Right to Make Entry.

Conclusion: No. The nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but may not make entry on its own behalf under the stated rule.

Common traps and corrections

× Treating every named consignee as the owner or purchaser.

This shortcut fails because “Treating every named consignee as the owner or purchaser.” skips a controlling distinction. Separate substantive importer-of-record status from documentary evidence. An owner or purchaser needs a qualifying financial interest; a nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but does not gain an independent right merely from a shipping document. Re-run the source route in Open Directive 3530-002A and scan section 5.1 before checking the evidence provisions in Part 141. and state the decisive fact before selecting the result.

× Confusing possession of shipping documents with substantive right to make entry.

This shortcut fails because “Confusing possession of shipping documents with substantive right to make entry.” skips a controlling distinction. Separate substantive importer-of-record status from documentary evidence. An owner or purchaser needs a qualifying financial interest; a nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but does not gain an independent right merely from a shipping document. Re-run the source route in Open Directive 3530-002A and scan section 5.1 before checking the evidence provisions in Part 141. and state the decisive fact before selecting the result.

× Applying Identify who has the right to make entry without proving both the decisive fact and the controlling source edition.

Separate substantive importer-of-record status from documentary evidence. An owner or purchaser needs a qualifying financial interest; a nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but does not gain an independent right merely from a shipping document. Navigate the controlling material through 19 CFR → Part 141 → Subpart B → evidence of right to make entry; Directive → section 5.1 → importer of record and nominal consignee rules. Record the decisive text and fact rather than relying on memory or a search snippet. For the October 2026 CBLE, use the designated edition; for live work, separately date and verify the current source rather than blending the two lanes.

Frequently asked questions

Which fact controls first when applying Identify who has the right to make entry?

Separate substantive importer-of-record status from documentary evidence. An owner or purchaser needs a qualifying financial interest; a nominal consignee may designate a licensed broker but does not gain an independent right merely from a shipping document. Start with 19 CFR 141.11–141.16, identify the trigger and any exception, and use the decision path before calculating or choosing a familiar label.

Where should I verify Identify who has the right to make entry for the exam and for live work?

Use the cited exam-edition source cards for the October 2026 CBLE and preserve their pinpoint text. For a live transaction, separately re-check the current statute, eCFR, HTS, or CBP operational source listed for this chapter; a newer source does not silently rewrite the exam edition.

Official sources and editions

Textbook chapter 2

Separate cargo release from entry summary

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Answer first

Cargo release and entry summary serve different legal functions. Release data obtains custody release; summary data supports duty assessment, statistics, and compliance, and is generally due with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. Entry data secures release from CBP custody, while entry-summary data enables CBP to assess duties, collect statistics, and determine compliance. Unless the summary must be filed at entry under §142.13 or the importer elects to file it then, §142.12 generally requires the entry summary with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry.

Rule breakdown

Entry data secures release from CBP custody, while entry-summary data enables CBP to assess duties, collect statistics, and determine compliance. Unless the summary must be filed at entry under §142.13 or the importer elects to file it then, §142.12 generally requires the entry summary with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. The learning objective is to identify which filing secures release and when the entry summary and estimated duties are due.; exceptions and triggering facts must be identified before calculation or conclusion.

Cargo release and entry summary serve different legal functions. Release data obtains custody release; summary data supports duty assessment, statistics, and compliance, and is generally due with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. Navigate the controlling material through 19 CFR → Part 141 → §141.0a → definitions of entry and entry summary; 19 CFR → Part 142 → Subpart B → timing and when summary is required at entry. Record the decisive text and fact rather than relying on memory or a search snippet.

Decision path

  1. 1

    Set the legal gate for Separate cargo release from entry summary

    Identify which filing secures release and when the entry summary and estimated duties are due. Separate the controlling trigger from descriptive labels, then list the facts that could activate an exception or a different legal path.

  2. 2

    Prove the rule in 19 CFR 141.0a(a)–(b)

    Find the default entry-summary deadline and the provision that can require the summary before release. Use this route: Read §142.12(b) for the default, then move directly to §142.13 for exceptions.. Preserve the exact subsection, field instruction, note, or rate line that supports the answer.

  3. 3

    Test the boundary of Separate cargo release from entry summary

    Cargo release and entry summary serve different legal functions. Release data obtains custody release; summary data supports duty assessment, statistics, and compliance, and is generally due with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. Apply that boundary to the stated facts, identify the fact that would reverse the result, and only then adopt the worked-example conclusion: The entry summary and estimated duties are generally due within 10 working days after the time of entry.

Worked example

Scenario: Merchandise is released using entry documentation. The importer is not subject to §142.13 and did not file the entry summary at entry. What is the general deadline?

  1. 1.Separate the completed cargo-release event from the remaining summary obligation.
  2. 2.Confirm that §142.13 does not require filing at entry.
  3. 3.Apply the default rule in §142.12(b).
  4. 4.Count the prescribed period in working days from the time of entry.
  5. 5.Boundary check: change one decisive fact identified by this research task—Find the default entry-summary deadline and the provision that can require the summary before release.—and explain whether the conclusion would change under 19 CFR 141.0a(a)–(b); 19 CFR 142.12–142.13.

Conclusion: The entry summary and estimated duties are generally due within 10 working days after the time of entry.

Common traps and corrections

× Treating release as completion of every entry obligation.

This shortcut fails because “Treating release as completion of every entry obligation.” skips a controlling distinction. Cargo release and entry summary serve different legal functions. Release data obtains custody release; summary data supports duty assessment, statistics, and compliance, and is generally due with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. Re-run the source route in Read §142.12(b) for the default, then move directly to §142.13 for exceptions. and state the decisive fact before selecting the result.

× Counting calendar days instead of working days.

This shortcut fails because “Counting calendar days instead of working days.” skips a controlling distinction. Cargo release and entry summary serve different legal functions. Release data obtains custody release; summary data supports duty assessment, statistics, and compliance, and is generally due with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. Re-run the source route in Read §142.12(b) for the default, then move directly to §142.13 for exceptions. and state the decisive fact before selecting the result.

× Applying Separate cargo release from entry summary without proving both the decisive fact and the controlling source edition.

Cargo release and entry summary serve different legal functions. Release data obtains custody release; summary data supports duty assessment, statistics, and compliance, and is generally due with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. Navigate the controlling material through 19 CFR → Part 141 → §141.0a → definitions of entry and entry summary; 19 CFR → Part 142 → Subpart B → timing and when summary is required at entry. Record the decisive text and fact rather than relying on memory or a search snippet. For the October 2026 CBLE, use the designated edition; for live work, separately date and verify the current source rather than blending the two lanes.

Frequently asked questions

Which fact controls first when applying Separate cargo release from entry summary?

Cargo release and entry summary serve different legal functions. Release data obtains custody release; summary data supports duty assessment, statistics, and compliance, and is generally due with estimated duties within 10 working days after the time of entry. Start with 19 CFR 141.0a(a)–(b), identify the trigger and any exception, and use the decision path before calculating or choosing a familiar label.

Where should I verify Separate cargo release from entry summary for the exam and for live work?

Use the cited exam-edition source cards for the October 2026 CBLE and preserve their pinpoint text. For a live transaction, separately re-check the current statute, eCFR, HTS, or CBP operational source listed for this chapter; a newer source does not silently rewrite the exam edition.

Official sources and editions

Textbook chapter 3

Choose the correct entry deadline—and do not invent an extension

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Answer first

Keep the clocks separate: fifteen calendar days generally runs from landing or arrival at the in-bond destination, while ten working days runs from time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 create no general discretionary extension. Answer first: merchandise generally must be entered within 15 calendar days after landing or arrival at the in-bond destination. If the entry summary was not filed at entry and §142.13 does not require it then, the summary and estimated duties are generally due within 10 working days after the time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 do not create a general discretionary extension; a claimed extension needs a separate, specific legal basis. Late summary filing triggers the §142.15 bond-damages process. These are October 2026 exam rules from the 2025 Annual CFR; check current law separately for operational use.

Rule breakdown

Answer first: merchandise generally must be entered within 15 calendar days after landing or arrival at the in-bond destination. If the entry summary was not filed at entry and §142.13 does not require it then, the summary and estimated duties are generally due within 10 working days after the time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 do not create a general discretionary extension; a claimed extension needs a separate, specific legal basis. Late summary filing triggers the §142.15 bond-damages process. These are October 2026 exam rules from the 2025 Annual CFR; check current law separately for operational use. The learning objective is to separate the arrival-to-entry and entry-to-summary clocks, use the correct day count, and identify late-filing consequences.; exceptions and triggering facts must be identified before calculation or conclusion.

Keep the clocks separate: fifteen calendar days generally runs from landing or arrival at the in-bond destination, while ten working days runs from time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 create no general discretionary extension. Navigate the controlling material through Part 142 → §142.2(a) → 15-calendar-day entry deadline; Part 142 → §§142.12–142.15 → summary timing, filing at entry, and late consequences. Record the decisive text and fact rather than relying on memory or a search snippet.

Decision path

  1. 1

    Set the legal gate for Choose the correct entry deadline—and do not invent an extension

    Separate the arrival-to-entry and entry-to-summary clocks, use the correct day count, and identify late-filing consequences. Separate the controlling trigger from descriptive labels, then list the facts that could activate an exception or a different legal path.

  2. 2

    Prove the rule in 19 CFR 142.2(a)

    Build two timelines: landing or arrival to entry, and time of entry to entry summary. Then identify the exception and late-filing sections. Use this route: Read §§142.2(a), 142.12(b), 142.13, and 142.15 in that order in the 2025 Annual Edition.. Preserve the exact subsection, field instruction, note, or rate line that supports the answer.

  3. 3

    Test the boundary of Choose the correct entry deadline—and do not invent an extension

    Keep the clocks separate: fifteen calendar days generally runs from landing or arrival at the in-bond destination, while ten working days runs from time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 create no general discretionary extension. Apply that boundary to the stated facts, identify the fact that would reverse the result, and only then adopt the worked-example conclusion: The entry summary and estimated duties are generally due August 19, 2026; release does not restart the clock.

Worked example

Scenario: Merchandise lands Monday, August 3, 2026. Entry occurs Wednesday, August 5. The importer is not subject to §142.13 and does not file the summary at entry. Assume no federal holiday intervenes.

  1. 1.Use August 3 only for the separate 15-calendar-day entry clock; the August 5 entry is timely.
  2. 2.Start the summary clock after the August 5 time of entry, not after landing or release.
  3. 3.Count ten working days: August 6–7, 10–14, and 17–19.
  4. 4.Confirm that the default summary deadline is August 19 and that no general extension is implied.
  5. 5.Boundary check: change one decisive fact identified by this research task—Build two timelines: landing or arrival to entry, and time of entry to entry summary. Then identify the exception and late-filing sections.—and explain whether the conclusion would change under 19 CFR 142.2(a); 19 CFR 142.12(b), 142.13, and 142.15.

Conclusion: The entry summary and estimated duties are generally due August 19, 2026; release does not restart the clock.

Common traps and corrections

× Using landing as the trigger for the ten-working-day summary clock.

This shortcut fails because “Using landing as the trigger for the ten-working-day summary clock.” skips a controlling distinction. Keep the clocks separate: fifteen calendar days generally runs from landing or arrival at the in-bond destination, while ten working days runs from time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 create no general discretionary extension. Re-run the source route in Read §§142.2(a), 142.12(b), 142.13, and 142.15 in that order in the 2025 Annual Edition. and state the decisive fact before selecting the result.

× Counting calendar days where the regulation requires working days.

This shortcut fails because “Counting calendar days where the regulation requires working days.” skips a controlling distinction. Keep the clocks separate: fifteen calendar days generally runs from landing or arrival at the in-bond destination, while ten working days runs from time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 create no general discretionary extension. Re-run the source route in Read §§142.2(a), 142.12(b), 142.13, and 142.15 in that order in the 2025 Annual Edition. and state the decisive fact before selecting the result.

× Applying Choose the correct entry deadline—and do not invent an extension without proving both the decisive fact and the controlling source edition.

Keep the clocks separate: fifteen calendar days generally runs from landing or arrival at the in-bond destination, while ten working days runs from time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 create no general discretionary extension. Navigate the controlling material through Part 142 → §142.2(a) → 15-calendar-day entry deadline; Part 142 → §§142.12–142.15 → summary timing, filing at entry, and late consequences. Record the decisive text and fact rather than relying on memory or a search snippet. For the October 2026 CBLE, use the designated edition; for live work, separately date and verify the current source rather than blending the two lanes.

Frequently asked questions

Which fact controls first when applying Choose the correct entry deadline—and do not invent an extension?

Keep the clocks separate: fifteen calendar days generally runs from landing or arrival at the in-bond destination, while ten working days runs from time of entry. Sections 142.2 and 142.12 create no general discretionary extension. Start with 19 CFR 142.2(a), identify the trigger and any exception, and use the decision path before calculating or choosing a familiar label.

Where should I verify Choose the correct entry deadline—and do not invent an extension for the exam and for live work?

Use the cited exam-edition source cards for the October 2026 CBLE and preserve their pinpoint text. For a live transaction, separately re-check the current statute, eCFR, HTS, or CBP operational source listed for this chapter; a newer source does not silently rewrite the exam edition.

Official sources and editions

Key Terms

Importer of Record|进口记录人
Nominal Consignee|名义收货人
Time of Entry|申报时点
Cargo Release|货物放行
Back to Knowledge BaseUpdated 2026-08-19